Analysis of Nutrition News

â€Å"Boosting Key Milk Nutrients May Help Lower Type 2 Diabetes Risk† †ScienceDailyThe report (ScienceDaily screen 1) fundamentally centered around the significant commitments of nutrient D, calcium and magnesium in hazard avoidance for diabetes; most particularly the sort 2 diabetes. (qtd in ScienceDaily, screen 1)The language utilized is genuinely extensive with the utilization of comfortable words and with just a couple of specialized terms. The author’s comprehension of the recently detailed discoveries is adequate to permit him or to permit her to completely clarify the discoveries of the examinations introduced. In the two examinations led by Pittas et al. what's more, Larsson et al., meta-investigations approaches were led to get the outcomes. (qtd in ScienceDaily, screen 1)Studies performed were predominantly founded on American eating regimen, hence comparable investigations might be led to assess whether these discoveries apply for other racial and ethni c populaces. These data would truly be helpful for people who have diabetes or are in danger of creating diabetes; just as everyone for the advancement of wellbeing and anticipation of disease.However, to a peruser without broad nourishing foundation, consequences of this investigation might be deluding. The report may deceive by giving the peruser the idea that drinking milk alone will be avoidance enough against diabetes. Other preventive measures for diabetes ought to have been remembered for the report to keep away from misinterpretation.Reference:ScienceDaily. â€Å"Boosting Key Milk Nutrients May Help Lower Type 2 Diabetes Risk†. (13 July 2007). 16 July 2007 <http://www.sciencedaily.com/discharges/2007/07/070711001452.htm>.

Battle of Corregidor, 1942 - World War II

Clash of Corregidor, 1942 - World War II The Battle of Corregidor was battled May 5-6, 1942, during World War II (1939-1945) and was the last significant commitment of the Japanese triumph of the Philippines. A stronghold island, Corregidor told access to Manila Bay and housed a huge number of batteries. With the Japanese intrusion in 1941, American and Filipino powers pulled back to the Bataan Peninsula and Corregidor to anticipate help from abroad. While battling seethed along the Bataan line in mid 1942, Corregidor filled in as the central station for General Douglas MacArthur until he was requested to leave for Australia in March. With the landmasses fall in April, the Japanese moved their regard for catching Corregidor. Arriving on May 5, Japanese powers defeated furious opposition before convincing the battalion to abdicate. As a component of the Japanese expressions, Lieutenant General Jonathan Wainwright was made to give up every single American power in the Philippines. Quick Facts: Battle of Corregidor (1942) Struggle: World War II (1939-1945)Dates: May 5-6, 1942Armies Commanders:AlliesLieutenant General Jonathan WainwrightBrigadier General Charles F. MooreColonel Samuel Howard13,000 menJapanLieutenant General Masaharu HommaMajor General Kureo TanaguchiMajor General Kizon Mikami75,000 menCasualties:Allies: 800 executed, 1,000 injured, and 11,000 capturedJapanese: 900 slaughtered, 1,200 injured Foundation Situated in Manila Bay, only south of the Bataan Peninsula, Corregidor filled in as a key component in the Allied protective designs for the Philippines in the years after World War I. Authoritatively assigned Fort Mills, the little island was molded like a tadpole and was intensely sustained with various beach front batteries which mounted 56 weapons of different sizes. The wide western finish of the island, known as Topside, contained the vast majority of the islands firearms, while military quarters and bolster offices were situated on a level toward the east known as Middleside. Further east was Bottomside which contained the town of San Jose just as dock offices (Map). Approaching over this region was Malinta Hill which housed a variety of strengthened passages. The fundamental shaft ran east-west for 826 feet and had 25 parallel passages. These housed the workplaces for General Douglas MacArthurs base camp just as capacity regions. Associated with this framework was a second arrangement of passages toward the north which contained a 1,000-bed clinic and clinical offices for the battalion (Map). <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/MfLUOmKxSv_ZdBCrAndhHZK0-0s=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/macintosh loc-5c05983a46e0fb000132bc05.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/VfUIbFid9oi8fOcY_WoYrAGmscg=/1124x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/macintosh loc-5c05983a46e0fb000132bc05.jpg 1124w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/5wlmHtRfbeqrs6SE7NUiSgH7TRo=/1948x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/macintosh loc-5c05983a46e0fb000132bc05.jpg 1948w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/fPi-Zbv5UQYg615lDThvh2xEGBI=/3597x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/macintosh loc-5c05983a46e0fb000132bc05.jpg 3597w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/HBx0NGlHYNnNhIkSRYMkru5j5_4=/3597x2534/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/macintosh loc-5c05983a46e0fb000132bc05.jpg src=//:0 alt=Douglas MacArthur class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-12 information following container=true /> General Douglas MacArthur, 1945. Library of Congress Further toward the east, the island tightened to a point where a landing strip was found. Due the apparent quality of Corregidors resistances, it was named the Gibraltar of the East. Supporting Corregidor, were three different offices around Manila Bay: Fort Drum, Fort Frank, and Fort Hughes. With the start of the Philippines Campaign in December 1941, these barriers were driven by Major General George F. Moore. The Japanese Land Following littler arrivals prior in the month, Japanese powers came shorewards in power at Luzons Lingayen Gulf on December 22. In spite of the fact that endeavors were made to hold the adversary on the sea shores, these endeavors fizzled and by sunset the Japanese were securely shorewards. Perceiving that the foe couldn't be pushed back, MacArthur executed War Plan Orange 3 on December 24. This required some American and Filipino powers to accept blocking positions while the rest of to a cautious line on the Bataan Peninsula toward the west of Manila. To regulate tasks, MacArthur moved his home office to the Malinta Tunnel on Corregidor. For this, he was contemptuously nicknamed Dugout Doug by the soldiers battling on Bataan. <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/k8txpQcNB99skz63U2xVwDDbAU8=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/skirmish of-corregidor-enormous 56a61bf33df78cf7728b626e.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/snqE86yxpVMezogMQBVsagbIQvA=/481x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/clash of-corregidor-huge 56a61bf33df78cf7728b626e.jpg 481w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/cvm1g2ChIULsNF5aZqNQrH9dhSw=/662x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/clash of-corregidor-huge 56a61bf33df78cf7728b626e.jpg 662w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/yaLsvJ4eeIPuUkjjwpH0RDiZaMU=/1024x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/skirmish of-corregidor-huge 56a61bf33df78cf7728b626e.jpg 1024w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/hg_Q-CSu15kU6hemBQtr6xOCkcw=/1024x642/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/skirmish of-corregidor-enormous 56a61bf33df78cf7728b626e.jpg src=//:0 alt=battle-of-corregidor-large.jpg class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-20 information following container=true /> Associated hostile to airplane heavy weapons specialists on Corregidor, 1941/2. Photo Courtesy of the US Army Throughout the following a few days, endeavors were made to move supplies and assets to the landmass with the objective of holding out until fortifications could show up from the United States. As the crusade advanced, Corregidor initially went under assault on December 29 when Japanese airplane started a besieging effort against the island. Going on for a few days, these attacks demolished a considerable lot of the structures on the island including the Topside and Bottomside military enclosure just as the US Navys fuel terminal (Map). Planning Corregidor In January, the air strikes reduced and endeavors initiated to improve the islands barriers. While battling seethed on Bataan, the protectors of Corregidor, comprising to a great extent of Colonel Samuel L. Howards fourth Marines and components of a few different units, suffered attack conditions as food supplies gradually dwindled. As the circumstance on Bataan decayed, MacArthur got orders from President Franklin Roosevelt to leave the Philippines and departure to Australia. At first cannot, MacArthur was persuaded by his head of staff to go. Leaving the evening of March 12, 1942, he gave order in the Philippines to Lieutenant General Jonathan Wainwright. Going by PT vessel to Mindanao, MacArthur and his gathering at that point traveled to Australia on a B-17 Flying Fortress. Back in the Philippines, endeavors to resupply Corregidor to a great extent flopped as boats were caught by the Japanese. Preceding its fall, just a single vessel, the MV Princessa, effectively evaded the Japanese and arrived at the island with arrangements. As the situation on Bataan approached breakdown, around 1,200 men were moved to Corregidor from the landmass. Without any options staying, Major General Edward King had to give up Bataan on April 9. Having made sure about Bataan, Lieutenant General Masaharu Homma directed his concentration toward catching Corregidor and killing adversary opposition around Manila. On April 28, Major General Kizon Mikamis 22nd Air Brigade started an airborne hostile against the island. A Desperate Defense Moving mounted guns toward the southern piece of Bataan, Homma started a determined barrage of the island on May 1. This proceeded until May 5 when Japanese soldiers under Major General Kureo Tanaguchi boarded landing specialty to ambush Corregidor. Not long before 12 PM, a serious big guns blast pounded the zone among North and Cavalry Points close to the islands tail. Raging the sea shore, the underlying influx of 790 Japanese infantry met savage opposition and was hampered by oil which had washed shorewards on Corregidors sea shores from the various boats soaked in the territory. <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/poS3gjhxPvWLfS6atct0U54N0js=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Malinta_hosp-5c0599a9c9e77c0001031b98.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/XK_cm8bxlvztVP4lBHzZNT0AcLY=/499x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Malinta_hosp-5c0599a9c9e77c0001031b98.jpg 499w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/CeXqOp9nX08VL47TLYi48k3-1j4=/698x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Malinta_hosp-5c0599a9c9e77c0001031b98.jpg 698w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/dTO84vMFcS6TDfNYyg4oTIiCPfs=/1097x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Malinta_hosp-5c0599a9c9e77c0001031b98.jpg 1097w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/9A9bqBDwGETIrOWrvZw-2qgRCIs=/1097x700/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Malinta_hosp-5c0599a9c9e77c0001031b98.jpg src=//:0 alt=Malinta Tunnel Hospital class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-33 information following container=true /> Emergency clinic in the Malinta Tunnel, Corregidor. US Army Despite the fact that American mounted guns claimed an overwhelming cost for the arrival armada, the soldiers on the sea shore prevailing with regards to increasing a decent footing in the wake of utilizing Type 89 explosive dischargers known as knee mortars. Battling heav

Course 18

Course 18 As some of you may know, I am majoring in math and economics. Michelle has already written a lovely post about Course 14 (economics); I want to also talk a little about my experience being Course 18 and how it has differed from my experience doing math in high school. Basics: There are four types of math major at MITâ€"pure math, general math, applied math, and math with computer science. I do pure math, which will be the subject of this blog post. It’s important to note that there are significant differences among the different tracksâ€"applied math has a whole different set of requirements, of which I have taken very few, and general math has super flexible requirements. Math with computer science, or 18C, requires several computer science classes and math classes that double as computer science classes; I have also taken very few of those. My perspective is that of someone who has been firmly on the pure math track for a few years and who hasnt taken many of the more applied or CS-related classes. So let me now talk about my pure math classes. The requirements are: one differential equations class, a real analysis class, two algebra classes, one topology class, one additional analysis class (manifolds, functional analysis, or Fourier analysis), one or two seminars (depending on whether you took the “communication-intensive” version of real analysis or another “communication-intensive” class), and at least two additional math classes of your choosing. Heres a page describing the communciation-intensive math classesbasically, theyre math classes with a heavy writing/presentation component, so that math majors learn how to talk and write (in LaTeX) about their work. I recently realized that I am almost done with my major requirements (as in, I just dropped the one remaining class that would fill them out. It has been very abstract and mentally demanding but also satisfying). My college math classes require a lot more mental legwork than my high school ones did, in the sense that I’ve had to do much more struggling and wrestling with many new abstract concepts in my head for long periods of time, and it has been difficult! But worth it!! Differences from high school: I think I came into college with the expectation that my classes would be noticeably harder and more time-consuming than they were in high school, and for the most part that turned out to be true, though they ramped up in difficulty gradually rather than all at once. However, I also used to have the sense that I could learn anything I wanted as fast as I wanted, and I have definitely changed my mind on this front and come to terms with my limits in the past 2.5 years of school. One thing I want to note is that if you don’t think high-school math is particularly exciting or do math competitions, but you like to think about abstract concepts, please do keep an open mind about college math classes! My math classes in high school demanded a lot of memorization, and the problem-solving often turned out to be pretty algorithmic. Apply the concept you learned in class to a problem like the one from class, but with different numbers. After a certain amount of “training,” a sizeable chunk of competition math was like this for me, too. Specifically, I got better at math competitions by taking a lot of old practice tests, so that many of the problems I encountered were variations on old problems I had seen before. I guess I performed moderately well at math competitions, and they were part of what made me want to come to MIT, but I don’t think they were particularly good at showing me what being a math major would be like. Some things haven’t changedâ€"as in high school, it helps to do practice problems, so you’re familiar with all the possible concepts and theorems you might be able to apply on an exam. It’s just that now there isn’t often enough time to practice enough, depending on what the rest of your schedule looks like. Also, theres less emphasis on memorizing material for exams, and homework is often weighted equally with exams. As a whole, homework is served in larger chunks than it is in high school, so its important to learn to manage your time. There are also fewer examples in class and fewer problems that are near identical to those in the textbook. Finally, a big change is that everything is proof-based (as I write this, I struggle to remember what it meant for math to not be proof-based). You’re basically given an ever-expanding toolbox of definitions and lemmas and theorems and have to tinker until you can assemble them into solutions to the problems you’re asked to solveâ€" it is a creative activity with strict rules and very little grounding in reality and applications. A great benefit of college math classes (besides GIRs) is that they’re full of people who actively like to think about math, and hopefully, if you’re a math major, you think math is pretty cool, too. It’s nice doing math with no expectation that it will be applicable in any way. I recently had to teach a section of a textbook for my math seminar, and it was all about applying the theory in the previous sections of the book to a physics problem (the displacement of a cantilever beam at rest with only the force of gravity acting on it, if you’re interested!!!). Even though I was tasked with presenting this part of the book, it was definitely not the section of the book I would consider the most interesting. I personally thought the fact that the material was applicable to a physics problem was much less exciting than the proofs in the previous sections. I am pretty sure no one is taking that seminar to learn about the ways in which math is applicable to physics. The main trend I have noticed is that math in college is much more intellectually stimulating and abstract than what I encountered in high school. By the way, if youre at all peeved by the way math is taught in your high school, or curious about what math is like when its separated from its applications, I urge you to read Lockhart’s Lament, which was required reading for the communication-intensive real analysis class (18.100C, now renamed 18.100Q) I took my freshman spring. It criticizes math education in grade school and argues that math is an artistic and creative pursuit that is not taught as suchâ€"but should be. He laments the fact that students find math boring and suggests that the mainstream pedagogy is at fault. Struggles: It really helps to develop a strong intuitive understanding of the material you’re learning, although sometimes it gets difficult because there are no good analogies to real life. Sometimes you get stuck rereading a definition over and over and over, trying to flip back to earlier definitions that the current definition refers to in an effort to regain understanding of all the concepts that the concept at hand relies on, but to no avail, because there’s some other relevant concept from a math class you took two years ago that you need to revisit, so you look it up on Wikipedia, but by the time you understand it again, you forget what you were originally looking at, so you’re left scrambling to retrace the string of things you referred to, and at this point you still haven’t even started to solve the actual problem… Sometimes. But most of the time it’s not that bad. Sometimes it’s just tedious, and sometimes you have to write out long expressions with a lot of symbols in order to rigorously explain something that’s much easier to explain intuitively. Lockharts Lament is nice, but at some point you also have to buckle down and slosh around in tedium and make sure that all your symbols are written correctly. Getting used to math in college and dealing with impostors syndrome: I took 18.022 my freshman fall and found that it helped ease me into the sort of proofs and thinking that the rest of my math classes required. Perhaps if I had jumped immediately into 18.100 I would have been overwhelmed; I know for sure that I wouldn’t have been able to handle 18.701. There are people who can, and seeing other freshmen sail through more advanced classes definitely freaked me out at times and stoked my first touches of impostor’s syndrome. Now, though, I don’t think I can adequately stress the importance of not going too fast. Because math classes often rely on definitions and material from prerequisites, these prerequisites are often super useful, unless youve actually learned the exact material from the class you want to skip. Of course, there are exceptions, but I often find it a lot more difficult to grasp mathematical concepts that Ive forgotten or skipped than to pick up other new material, like a programming language. I took 18.701 sophomore fall, and I attempted to take 18.702 last spring, but I ended up dropping it because I was overwhelmed by all the other stuff I was trying to do/learn. I was taking 18.125 concurrently. This semester, I once again made the poor choice of taking three math classes simultaneously, but I ended up dropping one of them last week because I simply could not handle it. I did not have enough time or energy to wrap my head around all the material, and I’m finally (finally) coming to recognize the importance of learning things well and deeply rather than learning them as fast as possible. Bear in mind that this sequence just happens to be what I ended up with, and it is not a recommendation that everybody should take those classes in this order. I am hesitant to give general advice about what classes to take and when because it depends so much on your personal background and how much time you have to devote to the class! A relevant article about impostors syndrome and the feeling of racing to learn math is “The Wrong Way to Treat Child Geniuses” by Jordan Ellenberg, a former “child prodigy” who is now a math professor at UW-Madison. This one might be particularly relevant to people who didn’t grow up being praised for being “good at math” or winning awards at math competitions. (This one’s also particularly hard to access without a WSJ subscription, sigh…) I’ve reproduced a relevant paragraph below: One of the most painful aspects of teaching mathematics is seeing my students damaged by the cult of the genius. That cult tells students that its not worth doing math unless youre the best at mathbecause those special few are the only ones whose contributions really count. We dont treat any other subject that way. Ive never heard a student say, I like Hamlet, but I dont really belong in AP Englishthat child who sits in the front row knows half the plays by heart, and he started reading Shakespeare when he was 7! Basketball players dont quit just because one of their teammates outshines them. But I see promising young mathematicians quit every year because someone in their range of vision is ahead of them. I think that MIT students, especially freshmen, are prone to psyching themselves out comparing themselves to all the people around them who have won the IMO or who were doing calculus in middle schoolâ€"but Ellenberg points out that this type of thinking sounds absurd when applied to other fields and skillsand there is no reason that it should apply to math more than any other field. One of the first math majors I met at MIT had never done math competitions in high school and hadnt had much exposure to higher-level math (i.e. calculus and beyond) coming into MIT, but he loved the math classes he was taking in college, so he began to register for more and more of them until he was thinking seriously about pursuing it as a profession. He was initially intimidated by his peers but enjoyed math so much that it was not a chore at all for him to devote significant amounts of time to mastering his coursework. He later became involved in research and is now pursuing his PhD in math at MIT! In summary, if you think math is cool, please consider continuing to study it in college, but bear in mind that college classes arent exactly like high school classes. And if you dont think math is cool, maybe it hast to do with the way math is taught in your school. Or maybe notnot everyone is destined to be a math major! And if youre intimidated and convinced that youll never be good enough at math, because other people seem to be so far ahead, well thats almost certainly not the caseits much more important that you enjoy the subject and dont try to jump ahead so quickly that you lose enjoyment of the subject in an attempt to catch up. If anyone has specific questions about classes or anything like that, I would also be happy to try to help you individually. I know I have been pretty absent from the blogslife update coming soonbut Im getting back in the swing of things. Sending you all strength and luck for pi day and all subsequent college and major choosing! Post Tagged #Course 18 - Mathematics #Imposter's Syndrome

The Influence of Cotton Mather Essay - 1333 Words

The Influence of Cotton Mather â€Å"The Salem witchcraft trials,† a phrase not too often heard these days in everyday conversation. Witches burning at the stake, or drowning in a tub of water, and perhaps the most humane way of their execution, hanging. This piece of American history is a prudent example of how everyday people can, and were, be lead astray from what would normally be considered ridiculous and preposterous ideas, into something that warrants these horrible means of human demise. What or more importantly who was responsible for this catastrophic loss of life? The Quaker society of colonial America was where these events took place. The term Quaker refers to a member of a religious sect called The Society of Friends,†¦show more content†¦His major publications were Wonders of the Invisible World in 1693, Magnalia Christi Americana in 1702, Bonifacius year 1710, Memorable Providences, Relating to Witchcrafts and Possessions in 1689 and several others. What type of man was Cotton Mather? What did he value? And how did his writing reflect his beliefs? Let us first start by evaluating a writing related to the events described above, The Wonders of the Invisible World. In this publication, Mather makes many references to accounts of eyewitness testimonies and confessions of the accused; not only to justify, but also to prove that the Salem witchtrials were a God sanctioned attack against Satanic works. Mather says, â€Å"He (the devil) has wanted incarnate legions to persecute us, as the people of God have in the other hemisphere been persecuted: he (the devil) has therefore drawn upon his more spiritual ones to make an attack upon us.† (2) Mather’s use of the term â€Å"spiritual ones,† is meant to represent the accused witches of the time. Witches, Mather believes, are the work of the devil. Throughout this writing Mather quotes from the Bible. Mather knows that the people of his church would not dare question the validity of the Bible. So, by choosing specific verses that favor the intended goal of his writings he is able to add rock solid validity to the statements he is making to the members of his church. References to past situations illustrated in the Bible prove to Mathers’ audience that theseShow MoreRelatedCotton Mather : Provoker Of Catastrophe1009 Words   |  5 PagesCotton Mather: Provoker of Catastrophe For its witnesses, the Salem Witch Trials confirmed the reality of the invisible world of spirits. The catalyst was described as a man who had an interest in the actions of Satan. That man is Cotton Mather. Mather was born into a family of ministers, including Reverend John Cotton. Mather preached his first sermon as a teenager and was ordained in his early twenties. Cotton Mather is known for his unnecessary involvement with the Salem Witch Trials. With theRead MoreSalem Witch Hysteria And Trials1620 Words   |  7 Pagesheinous accusations implicated by Cotton Mather which effected society as a hole and gave reasoning to the numerous amount of witch stories we hear today. Cotton Mather was the eldest son of Increase Mather, Massachusetts most influential and well known Puritan minister, and the grandson of John Cotton, Salem’s spiritual founder. Cotton Mather was born in Boston Massachusetts and attended Harvard University, receiving an honors degree from Glasgow Universit y. Mather was pastor of Boston s second protestantRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Cotton Mathers The Wonders Of The Invisible World888 Words   |  4 PagesConversely, Cotton Mather stood by the use spectral evidence even after his father had condemned it. In The Wonders of the Invisible World, Mather outlined his belief that the convictions in Salem were justified. In fact, it was the judges of the court of oyer and terminer who asked Mather to write a book to clear their name. Directly contradicting his father’s stance on the admission of spectral evidence, Cotton Mather stated that, â€Å"We are Humane Creatures, and we are safe while we say, they mustRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller Essay1604 Words   |  7 Pagesentrance of rationalism and consequential secularization in the culture of the time. Out of the confluence of rationalistic thought and The Enlightenment came Cotton Mather’s Wonders of the Invisible World, which dictated the realities of evil thr ough a rational exploration of the existence of witches and other markers of the immaterial. Cotton Mather’s Wonders of the Invisible World As The Enlightenment encroached upon the small â€Å"city on the hill† that was Salem, Puritan ministers and government officialsRead MorePuritan Writers : The Wonders Of The Invisible World1238 Words   |  5 PagesCotton Mather is one of the best known Puritan writers for his work The Wonders of the Invisible World. Mather gives the outside world a glimpse into what the Salem Witch trials were like and how they conducted their way of figuring out who was a witch in their colony. The Wonders of the invisible world brought the audiences into the firsthand experience of a trial and made them experience it from the viewpoint of one of the citizens of that colony. Mather specifically focuses on the trial of MarthaRead MoreThe Social Psychology of the Salem Witch Trials1647 Words   |  7 PagesSalem witch trials. There are several other terms that could replace mob psychology such as group think, group control, social psychology. Social psychology is termed as a branch of human psychology dealing with the behavior of groups and the influence of social factors on the individual. (Donohue) â€Å"An individual is subjected to a more powerful control when two or more persons manipulate variables having a common effect upon behavior†. (Skinner 323) The psychology behind this simply states thatRead MoreMary Rowlandson And Transcendentalism1661 Words   |  7 PagesChristianity. Cotton Mather was a Puritan who was born and raised in Boston, Massachusetts in the late 17th century. Being â€Å"the eldest son of Increase Mather and the grandson of Richard Mather and John Cotton†, Cotton Mather was born into a family of ministers (149). Following in their footsteps, he became heavily involved with the sin of witchcraft later in his life. Throughout his entire life, Mather dedicated his life to becoming a devout Puritan. Around the time of the trials, Mather published hisRead MoreAnalysis Of Young Goodman Brown By Nathaniel Hawthorne1600 Words   |  7 Pagesduring this time is Cotton Mather, author of The Wonders of the Invisible World, which is a detailed description of the accused witches of the Salem. There is evidence to believe that Hawthorne based much of â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† after the lives and writings of the Mather family. It seems that the Mathers, in their writings and sermons, caused an unwarranted worry of witchcraft among the P uritans. â€Å"The Salem witchcraft crisis was clearly inseparable from the figure of Cotton Mather in Hawthorne’s imagination†Read MoreEssay on Cotton Mather and the Salem Witch Trials of 16922284 Words   |  10 PagesCotton Mather and the Salem Witch Trials The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 took place in the Puritan community of Salem, Massachusetts. Cotton Mather, a clergyman in Salem, emerged throughout the course of the trials as a pillar of support and, ultimately, as a witch-hunter. However, his motives at the beginning of the trials were driven by his Puritanical reasoning which holds a strong belief in Biblical Law. Cotton Mather used his Puritanical faith to find reasoning in God that allowed the SalemRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials : A Dark Stain Essay709 Words   |  3 Pagesto be a dark stain upon the history of Massachusetts. Witch hunts existed long before the trials and executions that took place in Salem. As early as the 1490’s European governments, led by church leaders, led a crusade to rid Europe of pagan influences. Over a two hundred and fifty year period approximately fifty thousand people were killed. Although the death toll was not a great in Massachusetts, the religious message was the same. Perceived evil again the Puritan church must be stopped at

Charles Dickens Essay - 1511 Words

Charles Dickens was an astounding author and titan of English literature throughout the Victorian era. Dickens was remarkably known for his early years, his career, and his life tragedies. During his career Dickens achieved worldwide popularity, winning acclaim for his rich storytelling and memorable characters. Dickens will forever be remembered as a literary genius who changed the world with his vivid novels and his superb stories. Charles John Huffam Dickens was born on February 7, 1812, in the Mile End Terrace in Portsmouth England (Sahlman 1). His father, John, was a clerk in the navy pay office and was stationed in Portsmouth, at the time being. John was a very friendly, good natured, well read man, and a loving husband.†¦show more content†¦He worked there for several months and lived on his own throughout that time. Dickens found himself frightened by the horrific conditions of the factory. His experiences there led him to write some of his most famous works. (Hunter 67). As Dickens grew older, he began to develop an interest in fine literature and theatre. He also enjoyed viewing various plays at several theaters throughout London. (Johnson 10). He would sometimes pay theater managers to allow him to appear on stage (Peare 30). Dickens soon realized his true intuitions about the career path he wanted to follow throughout his life. Dickens’s creative imagination and exceptional writing style gained him much fame as he entered the spotlight for the first time. (Levine 154). In December of 1833, Dickens published his first story entitled A Dinner at Polar Walk. The following year, he became a political journalist, reporting on parliamentary debates and traveling across Britain to cover election campaigns. During the time when Britain was the major economic and political power of the world, Dickens highlighted the life of the poor and disadvantaged at the heart of the empire. A great deal of his journalism, in the form of sketches in periodicals, formed his first collection of pieces titled Sketches by Boz. (Hunter 69). The publication of these articles led to the creation of his first novel, The PickwickShow MoreRelatedCharles Dickens Biography1626 Words   |  7 Pagesattention to the childhood cruelty, the less fortunate in an English society, and the unwealthy dysfunctional families of the early Victorian time period. Charles Dickens reflects these and other issues as he brings to life the realism of writing. While others were writing about the w ay things should be, rather than the way things were, Dickens was challenging these ideas, and argued that paupers and criminals were not evil at birth. This was an act of rebellion, for he in fact was showing the VictorianRead More Charles Dickens Essay1932 Words   |  8 PagesCharles Dickens Charles John Huffam Dickens is the greatest English writer that ever lived. He was one of the most popular writers in the history of literature. Surely no English author is so well known and so widely read, translated and remembered as Charles Dickens. He fame is well deserved. From the pen of this great author came such characters as Oliver Twist, David Copperfield, Bob Cratchit and Tiny Tim, Mr. Pickwick, and Little Nett. Dickens was born on February 7, 1812, in PortsmouthRead MoreRevenge, By Charles Dickens988 Words   |  4 PagesJoseph Eisold Mrs. Dorman English 3rd 7 March 2017 Research paper There has been a point in everybody s life where they want to get back at someone for something they have done. In A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens there are many forms of revenge, but they cannot be justified. Some specific points of revenge is the murder of Foulon, the plot against Lucie and little Lucie, and the plot against the Evermonde family for the murder of Madame Defarge s siblings. First, we need to find outRead MoreBiography on Charles Dickens627 Words   |  2 Pageselder Dickens was transfered several times, first to London, then to Chatham, and finally, in 1822, back to London, where the family lived in Camden Town. John Dickens was constantly in debt, and in 1824 he was imprisoned in Marshalsea debtors prison (Southwark). Charles was forced to leave school at the age of 12 and go to work in a bootblack factory to help support the Dickens family.It was his personal experience of factory work and the living conditions of the poor that created in Dickens theRead More3.03b Charles Dickens665 Words   |  3 PagesCharles Dickens Questions 1. From the biography, what incident changed Dickens life and helped to shape him as a writer?  · His father was imprisoned and he was forced to work at Warren’s Blacking Factory 2. How old do you think Pip is?  · Seven 3. Quote the specific language in the selection that leads you to this conclusion.  · â€Å"As I never saw my father or my mother, and never saw any likeness of either of them (for their days were long before the days of photographs), my first fancies regardingRead More Charles Dickens Essay2085 Words   |  9 PagesCharles Dickens Charles John Huffam Dickens was born February 7, 1812, in Ports Mouth, Hampshire. In his infancy his family moved to Chatham, where he spent his happiest years and often refers to this time in his novels (1817-1822). From 1822 to 1860 he lived in London, after which he permanently moved to a quiet country cottage in Glads Hill, on the outskirts of Chatham. He grew up in a middle class family. His father was a clerk in the navy pay office and was well paid, but hisRead MoreAnalysis Of Charles Dickens s Dickens 1765 Words   |  8 Pagestowards her Maker (Oliver Twist, Dickens 302 revised). Throughout Oliver Twist, Charles Dickens uses his characters and props to symbolize purity, even though the environment would seem to denote everything and everyone. Incontro-vertibly, some certainly conform to their environment; for example, as part of the lower class, Fagin and Sikes turn to thieving, lying, and even murder, instead of earning an honest living. Throughout the first half of the book, Dickens leads one to believe Nancy followsRead MoreCharles Dickens Essay2389 Words   |  10 PagesBiographical Summary Charles Dickens is one of the most influential writers in history and was â€Å"born in Landport, now part of Portsmouth, on February 7th, 1812†(Priestly 5). Despite being the successful writer that he was in life, Dickens had very humble beginnings and because his Father, John Huffman Dickens, â€Å"lacked the money to support his family adequetly† , Dickens lived in poverty through out most of his childhood (Collins). Matters only got worse, however, when Dickens’s Father had toRead MoreCharles Dickens and A Christmas Carol1613 Words   |  7 PagesCharles Dickens and A Christmas Carol: Famed British author, Charles Dickens was born on February 7, 1812, in Portsmouth, England. He was the second of eight children, living in a poor neighborhood in London. His parents were John Dickens, a naval clerk, who always lived beyond his means. Married to his mother Elizabeth Dickens, who aspired to be a teacher and a school director. Dickens went to William Giles’ school in Chatham, Kent, for approximately one year before his father’s money habitsRead MoreCharles Dickens And The Victorian Era1643 Words   |  7 PagesCharles Dickens and the Victorian Era The various themes and ideas of the Victorian era are perfectly showcased in the many novels and short stories of Charles Dickens. The writers of the Victorian era produced an enormous amount of the greatest novels to ever be written- those that were realistic, thickly plotted, crowded with characters, and long. They, more often than not, showed the characteristics of the different social classes in society. Generally humorous

Say No to One Night Stand Free Essays

Attention Grabber Do you know what does one night stand means? The term ‘one night stand’ means that you have a sexual relationship with a person you meet or possibly a person you never meet before and both of you have no intention to ever meet again or to continue the relationship. It can happen anytime. II. We will write a custom essay sample on Say No to One Night Stand or any similar topic only for you Order Now Reveal Topic Today, I would like to talk about some of the harms of one night stand and persuade all of you to stay away from having this kind of action. III. Relevance Statements There are various reason people having a one night stand such as too much of drink, trips away from home, curiosity about one night stand and the likes. Some people who involved in the one night stand are sensible and happy with the situation where no harm is done. Nowadays, this phenomenon is getting more serious than ever. My suggestion is that every human being should prohibit themselves from having one night stand, consider that it could lead to several serious consequences. IV. Preview of Main PointsSome of the harms of having one night stand are: (a) infection of virus and disease (b) unexpectedly pregnancy (c) regretting and guilty feeling BODY I. One night stand causes virus and disease (Packerpack, 2010). * This is the most danger risk of having one night stand. i. He or she may enjoy having sex with you without telling you that he or she is infected. ii. The people might leaving you with some deadly virus like AIDS or HIV. II. One night stand causes pregnancy accidently (Mary, 2009). * Another result of one night stand is a child born. i.Mostly, you can’t get to contact the people you having one night stand because he or she possibly not leaving any contact ways for you since the person has no intention to ever meet you again. ii. You may abortion the baby or give a birth to baby that the child may never know who their father or mother is. III. One or both of the parties regretting what they have done. (Paul, 2008) * Some of the people will say, ‘I know what I’m exactly doing and not regretting of having one night stand. i. They forget that this guilty feeling come after the night goes by. ii.Some of the people involved in one night stand because they are drunk or trips away from home. iii. This will make them regretting and feel guilty to betray their partner of having one night stand with others if he or she are already into a relationship. CONCLUSION I. Summary of Main Points In conclusion, one night stand brings us a lot of negative effects such as: (a) it causes infections and virus diseases (b) it may cause unexpected pregnancy, and (c) it causes us to feel guilty. II. Memorable Concluding Statement Having a one night stand is not love, not a pleasure, not attraction or relationship.If someone is inviting you to have a one night stand whether he or she is your friends or someone you just met, please be polite and just say no to the person.REFERENCES Mary, P 2009, â€Å"Pregnant after a one-night stand: the accidental mother†, viewed 20 November 2010, from lt;http://women. timesonline. co. ukgt; Pakerpack, 2010, â€Å"The one night stand†, viewed 18 November 2010, from lt;http://hubpages. com/hub/The-One-Night-Standgt;. Paul, S 2008, â€Å"The one-night stand blues: How girls are left to regret brief encounters†, viewed 18 November 2010, from www.dailymail. co. uk How to cite Say No to One Night Stand, Papers

The Cultural Heritage of Canada

As each generation changes it creates a unique identity. With the changes in generational identity, the family life also changes. The main culprit of this change is the value system. An analysis of the past 3-4 Canadian generations demonstrate that each generation regards values differently.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Cultural Heritage of Canada specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Statistics demonstrate that the percentage of the single-parent families has considerably increased, and the proportion of legal marriages has declined. In addition, the percentage of the common law marriages is on the rise. The statistics further indicate that divorce cases and instances of remarriage have considerably increased. This survey demonstrates that the Canadian family set up has shifted from the traditional type of family. With the 20th century, the emphasize place on marriage shifted with people prioritizing education and financial security. The cultural heritage of Canada required people to establish independent households. Since this necessitated large financial investments, young men worked for longer years in order to have enough savings before marriage. Thus, the average age at first marriage rose for both the men and women. In the 19th century, farming was the main source of livelihood (Bradbury, 214). During this era, families lived on farms and couples considered it advantageous to have large families. Children engaged in daily chores and provided a source of farm labor. Considering the various religious doctrines that considerably influenced the society, and the lack of effective measures regarding birth control, the average number of children was significantly large at an average of 6.6 children per household in 1851. In the late 19th century, families started shifting to cities due to the numerous economic opportunities created by industrialization (Milan, 3). Due to the numerous case s of child engaging in long working hours in unsafe conditions, and after making other considerations, the government implemented the child labor laws and a law demanding a mandatory school-attendance until the age of 16 years. These changes initiated the decline in the family size in Canada. In this regard, by 1921, the average family size had declined to 3.5 children per household (Milan, 3). The existing restrictive laws that only granted divorce with the proof of adultery, significantly mitigated divorce cases.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the late 19th century, the family set up was rigid with the instances of lone parents, childless couples, and couples living under the common-law existing not as an individual choice, but because of unavoidable circumstances like the death of a spouse. Poor health conditions and frequent diseases during this era caused high mortality rates (Milan, 3). The empty nest scenario was common. Due to the prevalence of couples dying at young age, widows and widowers remarried, as they needed assistance in raising the young children, domestic labor, or financial support. For example, statistics show that in 1921, 17 percent of the marriages involved previously married spouse(s). The Great Depression further accelerated the decline in the number of children born in Canada. Most of the people were unable to handle the financial and social responsibilities of marriage due to the immense financial constrains. In this regard, marriage rates declined. The period around the 1930 witnessed birth rates of less than an average of three children per woman. Furthermore, a considerable number of women with high levels of education and income abstained from having any children. The onset of the Second World War affected the Canadian family set up in various ways. The uncertainties associated with the war and the fear that conscriptio n might be introduced oversaw rushed marriages, and increased remarriages and divorces in the period after the war. In addition, the post war period witnessed numerous changes in the family structure (Milan, 5). The number of relatives and extended family members attached to particular household declined. By the 1950s, most families comprised of only the parents and the dependent children. In this new family set up, the husband was employed outside the home while the wife cared for the children at home. A further decline in the marriage rates towards the end of the 20th century was accompanied by an increase in the number of couples living together in the common-law arrangement. Although traditionally the women were expected to marry to older men, this norm was less observed with the various social changes facilitating the shrinking age gap between couples (McLanahan, 610). This trend indicated the narrowing gap between men and women in terms of their relative status in the society. Thus, these social changes eroded the traditional attitudes and practices that shaped the family set up.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Cultural Heritage of Canada specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They gave women more independence especially through economic empowerment and instigated the acceptance of the previously despised non-marriage alternatives. They have also promoted the tendency towards late marriages and in some cases the full absconding from marriage. The introduction of the divorce act in 1968 changed the regulations and perceptions that discouraged the termination of marriages. An amendment of the act in 1986 created significantly less restrictive divorce laws (Milan, 7). These laws coupled with various social changes promoted divorce as a socially acceptable option for an individual whose marriage was not up to his or her expectations. The number of lone parents, especially lone mothers, inc reased considerably attributed to the increasing divorces and the number of births outside unions (McLanahan, 609). The growing financial independence of women as they can afford to raise their children by their own has also contributed to this trend especially in the 21st century. In addition, the law favors women about the custody of children in divorce cases. Remarriages have also increased as divorce increases the population of people eligible to remarry. Towards the end of the 20th century, the fertility rates considerably declined to reach the lowest recorded fertility rate in the history of Canada. This resulted from the development of more effective contraceptives that facilitated couples to limit the number of their children. In addition, more women entered the labor force, thus increasing the cost of bearing children. Unlike in the 18th and early 19th century, women postponed parenthood in the pursuance of education and employment opportunities (Bradbury, 211). The 21st ce ntury has witnessed an increase in this trend with the parents dedicating less time and energy towards their children. Blended families, which were rare in the 18th century, have considerably increased with many couples having children from previous relationships. Nearly 10 percent of Canadian children live in blended families, which comprise of children from the present relationship and those from the wife’s previous relationships.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Such family set ups experience numerous complications with the children finding it difficult to get along with their stepparents and siblings unlike in the traditional family set up. It is projected that by around the mid 21st century the number of people living in common-law relationships will be as much as that of the people in legal marriages. This norm is becoming more acceptable among both the young and the old. Works Cited Bradbury, B. â€Å"Single Parenthood in the Past.† heldref-publications.metapress.com. N.p., 2000. Web. McLanahan, S. â€Å"How Children Are Faring Under The Second Demographic Transition.† Jstor. N.p., 2004. Web. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1515222?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents. Milan , Anne. â€Å"by Anne Milan – Statistics Canada.† Statistics Canada. N.p., 2000. Web. https://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/start. This essay on The Cultural Heritage of Canada was written and submitted by user Gemma Pacheco to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Symbolism in The Great Gatsby essays

Symbolism in The Great Gatsby essays What use does Fitzgerald make of symbolism in the novel? Francis Scott Fitzgerald is the author of the The Great Gatsby. The novel takes place during the 1920s or as it is also known The Jazz Age and it is set in Long Island and New York. Many important things were happening in America. For example, a cultural revolution burst out and the stock market boomed making many Americans rich, thus giving them the opportunities to waste their money in huge parties and expensive things. The reader is given the point of view of the narrator, Nick Carraway, because he narrates the story in first person. He is very objective when giving his opinions and he describes only what he observes around him at that same time. In order to express the ideas in the novel, the author uses a lot of symbolism. A symbol is an element of imagery, in which a real object stand not only for itself but for some abstract idea as well. They can be objects, figures, or colors that can represent a variety of things. The author uses symbols all over the novel to enhance th e conflicts between the characters, thus reflecting some of the main themes in the novel. He also uses it to help the reader imagine and understand the things that are happening. The green light represent hopes and dreams, the eyes of Dr. T.J. Eckleburg symbolize the eyes of God, and the Valley of Ashes represent the corruption and decadence of society. A central theme of the novel I think, is the idea that people arent satisfied with what they have, they are always going further and further, never knowing when to stop, and always determined to achieve dreams that seemed so close that he could hardly fail to grasp it. Gatsby has spent his whole life longing for better things like money, success, acceptance, and Daisy, but no matter how much he has never felt complete. Even when he has his large house full of interesting people and all of their...

The Life of Serial Killer Israel Keyes

The Life of Serial Killer Israel Keyes On March 16, 2012, Israel Keyes was arrested in Lufkin, Texas after he used a debit card that belonged to an 18-year-old Alaska woman that he killed and dismembered in February. During the following months, while awaiting trial for the murder of Samantha Koenig, Keyes confessed to seven other murders during more than 40 hours of interviews with the FBI. Investigators believe there are at least three more victims and possibly much more. Early Influences Keyes was born Jan. 7, 1978 in Richmond, Utah to parents who were Mormon and homeschooled their children. When the family moved to Stevens County, Washington north of Colville, they attended The Ark, a Christian Identity church which is known for racist and anti-Semitic views. During that time, the Keyes family was friends and neighbors with the Kehoe family. Israel Keyes was childhood friends of Chevie and Cheyne Kehoe, known racists who were later convicted of murder and attempted murder. Military Service At age 20, Keyes joined the U.S. Army and served at Fort Lewis, Fort Hood and in Egypt until he was honorably discharged in 2000. At some point during his young adult years, he rejected religion completely and proclaimed he was an atheist. Keyes life of crime had begun before he joined the military, however. He admitted to raping a young girl in Oregon sometime between 1996 and 1998 when he would have been 18 to 20 years old. He told FBI agents that he separated a girl from her friends and raped, but not killed her. He told investigators that he planned to kill her, but decided not to. It was the beginning of a long list of crimes, including burglaries and robberies that authorities are now trying to piece together into a timeline of Keyes criminal career. Sets up Base in Alaska By 2007, Keyes established Keyes Construction in Alaska and began working as a construction contractor. It was from his base in Alaska that Keyes ventured out into almost every region of the United States to plan and commit his murders. He traveled many times since 2004, looking for victims and setting up buried caches of money, weapons, and tools needed to kill and dispose of the bodies. His trips, he told the FBI, were not financed with money from his construction business, but from the money he got from robbing banks. Investigators are trying to determine how many bank robberies that he may have been responsible for during his many trips across the country. It is also unknown at what point Keyes escalated to committing random murders. Investigators suspect it began 11 years before his arrest, shortly after he left the military. Modus Operandi According to Keyes, his usual routine would be to fly to some area of the country, rent a vehicle and then drive sometimes hundreds of miles to find victims. He would set up and bury murder kits somewhere in the targeted area - stashing items like shovels, plastic bags, money, weapons, ammunition and bottles of Drano, to help dispose of the bodies. His murders kits have been found in Alaska and New York, but he admitted to having others in Washington, Wyoming, Texas and possibly Arizona. He would look for victims in remote areas like parks, campgrounds, walking trials, or boating areas. If he was targeting a home he looked for a house with an attached garage, no car in the driveway, no children or dogs, he told investigators. Finally, after committing the murder, he would leave the geographic area immediately. Keyes Makes Mistakes In February 2012, Keyes broke his rules and made two mistakes. First, he kidnapped and killed someone in his hometown, which he had never done before. Secondly, he let his rental car be photographed by an ATM camera while using a victims debit card. On Feb. 2, 2012, Keyes kidnapped 18-year-old Samantha Koenig who was working as a barista at one of the many coffee stands around Anchorage. He was planning to wait for her boyfriend to pick her up and kidnap both of them, but for some reason decided against it and just grabbed Samantha. Koenigs abduction was caught on video, and a massive search for her was conducted by authorities, friends, and family for weeks, but she was killed shortly after she was abducted. He took her to a shed at his Anchorage home, sexually assaulted her and strangled her to death. He then immediately left the area and went on a two-week cruise, leaving her body in the shed. When he returned, he dismembered her body and dumped it in Matanuska Lake north of Anchorage. About a month later, Keyes used Koenigs debit card to get money from an ATM in Texas. The camera in the ATM captured a picture of the rental car Keyes was driving, linking him to the card and the murder. He was arrested in Lufkin, Texas on March 16, 2012. Keyes Begins to Talk Keyes was originally extradited back from Texas to Anchorage on credit card fraud charges. On April 2, 2012, searchers found Koenigs body in the lake. On April 18, an Anchorage grand jury indicted Keyes for the kidnapping and murder of Samantha Koenig. While awaiting trial in the Anchorage jail, Keyes was interviewed for more than 40 hours by Anchorage police detective Jeff Bell and FBI Special Agent Jolene Goeden. Although he was not completely forthcoming with many details, he began to confess to some of the murders that he committed over the past 11 years. The Motive for Murder The investigators tried to determine Keyes motive for the eight murders to which he confessed. There were just times, a couple of times, where we would try to get a why, said Bell. He would have this term; he would say, A lot of people ask why, and I would be, like, why not? Keyes admitted to studying the tactics of other serial killers, and he enjoyed watching movies about killers, such as Ted Bundy, but he was careful to point out to Bell and Goeden that he used his ideas, not those of other famous killers. In the end, the investigators concluded that Keyes motivation was very simple. He did it because he liked it. He enjoyed it. He liked what he was doing, Goeden said. He talked about getting a rush out of it, the adrenalin, the excitement out of it. Trail of Murders Keyes confessed to the murders of four people in three different incidents in Washington state. He killed two individuals, and he kidnapped and killed a couple. He didnt provide any names. He probably knew the names, because he liked to return to Alaska and then follow the news of his murders on the Internet. He also killed another person on the East Coast. He buried the body in New York but killed the person in another state. He would not give Bell and Goeden any other details of that case. The Currier Murders On June 2, 2011, Keys flew to Chicago, rented a car and drove almost 1,000 miles to Essex, Vermont. He targeted the home of Bill and Lorraine Currier. He conducted what he called a blitz attack on their home, tied them up and took them to an abandoned house. He shot Bill Currier to death, sexually assaulted Lorraine and then strangled her. Their bodies were never found. A Double Life Bell believes the reason that Keyes gave them more details about the Currier murders was because he knew they had evidence in that case pointing to him. So he opened up more about those murders than he did the others. It was chilling to listen to him. He was clearly reliving it to a degree, and I think he enjoyed talking about it, Bell said. A couple of times, he would kind of chuckle, tell us how weird it was to be talking about this. Bell believes their interviews with Keyes were the first time he had ever talked with anyone about what he referred to as his double life. He thinks Keyes held back details of his other crimes because he didnt want members of his family to know anything about his secret life of crime. How many more victims? During the interviews, Keyes referred to other murders in addition to the eight to which he confessed. Bell told reporters that he thinks Keyes committed less than 12 murders. However, in trying to piece together a timeline of Keyes activities, the FBI released a list of 35 trips that Keyes made across the country from 2004 to 2012, in hopes that the public and local law enforcement agencies could match up bank robberies, disappearances and unsolved murders to times when Keyes was in the area. Talk Is Over On Dec. 2, 2012, Israel Keyes was found dead in his Anchorage jail cell. He had cut his wrists and strangled himself with a rolled-up bedsheet. Under his body was a blood-soaked, four-page letter written on yellow legal pad paper in both pencil and ink. Investigators could not make out the writing on Keyes suicide note until the letter was enhanced at the FBI lab.​ An analysis of the enhanced letter concluded that it contained no evidence or clues, but was merely a creepy Ode to Murder, written by a serial killer who loved to kill. The FBI concluded there was no hidden code or message in the writings, the agency said in a news release. Further, it was determined that the writings do not offer any investigative clues or leads as to the identity of other possible victims. We may never know how many people Israel Keyes killed.

Federal Reserve Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Federal Reserve - Essay Example The Board of Governors is appointed by the President who controls the functions of the Federal Reserve System. There are Federal Reserve Banks which operates in major cities of US. The major objectives of the Federal Reserve System are aimed at the welfare of the US economy. The Federal Reserve System in US is responsible for maximizing the employment opportunities in US, stabilizing the prices in US economy and achieving stability in long term interest rates (Wells 58). The monetary policy is designed by the Federal Reserve System of US. The other functions of the central banking system in US include regulation of the banking structure that includes the government and the private players as well as the advisory councils. The central bank also provides financial services to other depository agencies. The overall financial stability of the economy of US is the responsibility of the Federal Reserve System. Before the Federal Reserve System was set up in 1913, there were around 30000 cu rrencies in the economy of US. Many business houses and even the drug dealers could issue currency notes for financial transactions. This created a situation of instability in the economy of US. ... Apart from this, the various currencies in US had different denominations and values. The absence of a standardized currency created difference and problems among the traders. The business, imports and exports all suffered due to the presence of varying numbers of currencies and absences of standardized form of currency in the economy of US. The Federal Reserve System of the US was created to standardize the currency of the economy of US and thereby establish a position of stability in the economy (Grey 98). The Federal Reserve System provides a central banking system to the economy of US where the business and he individuals could deposit their money in the standard currency of US dollar. The depositors could also withdraw their money from the Federal Reserve System at the time of need. These withdrawals took place in the same standardized currency of US dollars. Thus the Federal Reserve System could drive away the intermediate currencies and their varying values and established a s tandardized form of currency to be followed by the customers and traders in order provide an organized monetary system and sufficiency in liquidity. The US economy invariably needs the Federal Reserve System in the economy without whose functions there would be ample distortions in the economy that would hamper the economic growth of US. This could be understood from the roles and responsibilities of the Federal Reserve System and the implication on the US financial and economic system in absence of its role. The Federal Reserve System plays the role of balancing between the centralized role of the government for the welfare of the economy and the private interests of the

An implantable cardiac pacemaker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

An implantable cardiac pacemaker - Essay Example The straining of the heart causes further damage to the heart muscles and this may eventually lead to complete wearing out of the heart. It is imperative to note that this condition is serious medical problem that may be caused by diseases that cause damage to the heart such as coronary heart disease and high blood pressure. The cardiac pacemaker is a device that can be used to treat heart failure by assisting the heart to perform its function of pumping blood to the body (Forde & Pat, p. 1263). The device is placed in the chest of the person who has the problem of heart failure and it delivers controlled and systematic electric stimulus to maintain normal heartbeat. Notably, the cardiac pacemaker monitors the hear beat of a person ensures that the heart rate is normal. This device plays a vital role of ensuring that the affected person does not succumb to heart failure by ensuring that the heart pumps blood at the desired rate. For instance, if the heart begins to slow down in its p umping process, the cardiac pacemaker sends an electric stimulus to the heart to initiate normal pumping. Once the heart regains the desired pumping rate, the cardiac pacemaker takes a back seat and continues monitoring the heart rate for any anomalies. According to (Beck et al 812), approximately a third of the people with heart failures have problems with the transmission of electrical impulses to the ventricles of the heart. This means that the cardiac pacemaker can help to deliver the required electrical stimulus in order to synchronize the pumping of blood by both the ventricles of the heart in the appropriate manner. Cardiac pacemaker devices are important especially for people who experience moderate and occasional severe heart failures. This device can help to avert the dangers associated with abnormal pumping of blood by the heart and thus save millions of lives. Also, people with persistent heart failures despite taking the requisite medications can use cardiac pacemakers. In such cases, the cardiac pacemaker can be implanted permanently on the chest of the affected person whereby it manages the heart failure condition by monitoring the heart rate and intervening whenever necessary (Bazaka & Mohan, p. 14). This device also has therapeutic functions for people who have weak heart muscles that cannot function normally. The first ever electronic device to be implanted into a human body was the cardiac pacemaker. In 1958, the first cardiac pacemaker designed and produced by Dr. Rune Elmqvist was implanted on a patient who was suffering from severe Gerbezius-Adam’s-Stokes attacks (Beck et al 811, Haddad et al., p. 40). This pioneering device was powered by rechargeable batteries and it only had one silicon transistor. Notably, the first cardiac pacemaker worked only for a few hours before it had to be replaced by a second similar device. Before the implanted cardiac device was designed, early scientists had produced an external pacemaker which work ed successfully in the provision of temporary cardiac therapy. The external pacemaker was a cumbersome and heavy device which could not be easily carried around by the patients (Haddad et al., p. 42). Advances in biomedical engineering and the discovery of silicon transistors made it possible for scientists to produce a lighter and portable pacemaker. According to Bazaka and Mohan, these pacemakers were externally carried by the

Vocal Sounds That Mean the Same in Every Language

Vocal Sounds That Mean the Same in Every Language Are there vocal sounds that mean the same whatever your language? Discuss, with examples. The presence of vocal sounds, sounds which are produced via the human vocal tract, which convey the same meaning whatever your language will as a result be sounds that are universally recognised, both in terms of the sound being identified and with regard to the message the sound carries. Considering the lack of cultural exposure between certain language groups (Saul, 2014), vocal sounds with cross-linguistic meanings point towards evolutionary adaptations which by their very nature are inherently universal. The following essay shall show that there are vocal sounds that mean the same whatever your language, it shall do this both by discussing studies that provide evidence for vocal sounds with cross-linguistic meaning, as well as explaining these vocal sounds in an evolutionary context; thereby affirming them as sounds which carry universal meanings no matter what the recipients native language is. Evidence of laughter in our evolutionary relatives such as chimps, (Falk, 2004) and even more distant mammalian relatives such as dogs and rats (Panksepp, 2007) clearly points towards its status as an evolutionary adaption; one which would be universal and therefore be considered a vocal sound which means the same whatever ones language. Further studies indicate that laughter in both humans and non-human primates involve similar neural structures, such as parts of the limbic system (Meyer, Baumann, Wildgruber, Alter, 2007; Scott, Lavan, Chen, Mcgettigan, 2014) and mechanisms involved in endorphin activation linked to positive affective states (Scott et al., 2014). Its status as a universal evolutionary inherited trait is further confirmed by its presence in congenitally blind and deaf infants (Meyer, 2007) who are quite clearly born without the ability to hear or otherwise perceive laughter and therefore who have not learnt to laugh via socialisation. Clearly laughters presence in non-human primates involving similar cortical structures and neural mechanisms, in addition to it being observed in the congenitally blind and deaf, pointing towards its presence as a biological evolutionary adaption; one which would quite clearly be universal and therefore is an example of a vocal sound which conveys meaning whatever ones language is. The context laughter takes place in further points to it being an evolutionary adaption; laughter is in itself innately social, we are around 30 times more likely to laugh in a social situation than when alone (Scott et al., 2014), this is mirrored in non-human primates where it frequently takes place in social situations appearing to facilitate bonding and social cohesion (Ross, Owren, Zimmermann, 2009). Whilst non-human primate laughter typically occurs during physical contact (Provine, 1996), it is contextually comparable with human laughter due to this occurrence in social situations. It is this comparison both in terms of context and the underlying neural mechanisms which point towards a universal evolutionary adaption, one that continues to facilitate social bonding. Therefore similarities between human and non-human primate laughter point towards a level of biological inheritance, one which considered in an evolutionary context must be shared by all despite differences in ter ms of language use, meaning that laughter can clearly be seen as a vocal sound which means the same whatever ones language. However, laughter is not the only affective stimuli shown to carry meaning cross-linguistically. It is widely established that cross-cultural recognition of emotions exists (Sauter, Eisner, Ekman, Scott, 2010), although this point is firmly embedded in the literature (Ekman, 1992) it fails to provide evidence for vocalisations that carry cross-linguistic meaning considering the environmental and visual contexts in which they are typically conveyed (Elfenbein Ambady, 2002). Elfenbein and Ambady (2002) performed a meta-analysis on the universality of emotional recognition on 97 studies on 42 different regions, finding that whilst there was an in-group advantage for members of the same nation, region and/or language, emotions were universally recognized at above chance levels. Although their meta-analysis looked at studies using a range of channels to convey emotions, this above chance level remained when considering studies that focussed on vocal stimuli alone (Elfenbein Ambady, 200 2). Elfenbein and Ambadys meta-analysis (2002) provides evidence that there are vocalisations that mean the same whatever your language, by statistically analysing a variety of studies and showing patterns of correlation between them the argument carries greater weight than considering one or two studies in isolation. Furthermore, it suggests that certain emotions are universally recognised and most likely that this is due to biological mechanisms (when one considers the lack of cultural exposure some groups have had with one another). Of course the presence of universal cognitive mechanisms which decode aspects of emotional vocalisations also mean that there are vocal sounds which mean the same whatever your language, as the emotions have been recognised from purely vocal stimuli and the meta-analysis supports the notion that this recognition is universal and therefore not dependent upon specific languages. However removing multiple channels of communication such as facial expression and body language isnt sufficient when one considers the linguistic context in which emotional vocalisations are usually realised (Pell et al., 2009); even to non-speakers a foreign language may convey linguistic features that somehow alter the meaning of vocal cues. In order to circumvented these potentially confounding effects speakers must express emotions through pseudo-utterances which mimic the morphosyntactic and phonotactic properties of the language presented (Scherer, Banse, Wallbott, 2001). It therefore seems sensible to suggest that the recognition of emotions cross-culturally through the presentation of pseudo-utterances, presented independently from other potential cues (such as facial expression and body language) will provide substantial evidence for there being vocal sounds that mean the same whatever your language; after-all all other confounding factors will have been removed other than the vocal sound itself. A number of studies using pseudo-utterances presented with purely vocal stimuli suggest that emotions can be recognised across languages by non-native speakers (Pell Skorup, 2008; Pell et al,. 2009a; Pell, Paulmann, Dara, Alasseri, Kotz, 2009b; Sauter et al., 2010). Although studies report a small in-group advantage when participants listen to pseudo-utterances based upon their native language (Pell et al., 2009b), similar results between non-native listeners suggests the presence of cross-linguistic vocal sounds with identical meanings, (Pell Skorup, 2008; Sauter et al., 2010). This argument is further strengthened when considering studies involving participants from groups with little to no cultural exposure to each other, such as Sauters (2010) study with the Himba people of northern Namibia. Here the correct identification of emotions from purely vocal pseudo-utterances lends weight to the argument of cognitive mechanisms derived from universal evolutionary adaptations, capabl e of decoding meaning from vocal utterances. Clearly with no cultural exposure (which may have enabled the learning of emotional expression in another culture) and with the correct identification away from other potential cues (such as a linguistic framework and body-language), it seems highly probable that the identification of emotions cross-culturally is in part due to universal evolutionary adaptations, which in turn enable the existence of vocal sounds that mean the same whatever your language. Cross-cultural data clearly provides evidence for vocal emotional expressions which exhibit core acoustic perceptual features that promote accurate recognition across languages (Pell Skorup, 2008). The use of pseudo-utterances removes linguistic structure and language itself as confounding variables, meaning that emotions successfully conveyed and recognised must be done so through associated changes in prosody, such as changes in timing, pitch, volume and the rate of speech (Frick, 1985; Scherer, 1986). Furthermore, it appears that the expression of these discrete emotions corresponds with distinct modulation patterns (Pell, 2001), for example vocal expressions of sadness tend to be conveyed with a lower pitch and at a slower speaking rate in comparison to other emotional vocalisations (Pell et al., 2009b). It should also be noted that as well as being the most distinct from other emotional vocalisations (in terms of its prosodic elements), sadness is also frequently cited as being one of the most accurately identified from vocal stimuli (Pell et al., 2009a, 2009b). This increase in recognition along with its high distinctiveness in terms of modulation patterns provides further evidence for accurate recognition as being due to prosodic elements, clearly the correlation lends support to the aforementioned theory that emotional vocalisations are recognised due to the recognition of distinct prosodic patterns. This line of thought is further supported when one considers that emotions with less distinct prosodic patterns have been associated with lower rates of recognition; for example surprise and joy have been shown to possess similar prosodic elements (Pell et al., 2009b) and in turn have been reported at low accuracy rates, with surprise frequently being incorrectly categorised as joy (Pell et al., 2009a, 2009b). The presence of distinct prosodic elements in the vocalisation of emotions further explains our premise that there are distinct vocal sounds which m ean the same whatever your language; this point is further supported by the correlation between the distinctiveness of a vocal expressions prosodic elements and higher levels of accurate recognition. Prosody has also been studied outside of emotional vocalisation, pointing to further universal cross-linguistic meanings such as dominance and submission, confidence and the signalling of a statement or question to the listener. Ohala (1984, 1996) claims that we associate fundamental frequency (f0) with sexual dimorphism, size and as a result dominance; with males lower and larger larynxs leading to a lower f0 and more confident vocalisations (Hurford, 2014, p.77-80). Similarities can be drawn from avian and other mammalian vocalisations with regards to f0, with low f0 vocalisations frequently made by individuals with greater dominance (Morton, 1977). In turn Ohalas (1984, 1996) claim is supported by a variety of evidence which shows low f0 voices to be interpreted as more masculine (Culver, as cited in Gussenhoven 2002; Junger et al., 2013) as well as being associated with dominant attributes such as confidence and leadership (Klofstad, Anderson, Peters, 2012). Whilst these studies predominantly focus on vocalisations from a Western language base (such as English and Dutch), the comparison across species as well as the universal presence of larger, lower based larynxs in human males (Hurford, 2014, p.77-80) suggests a universal evolutionary adaption, in which differences in the larynxs size and location have evolved due to the selective advantage they provide as a result of the meanings low f0 vocalisations confer with regards to dominance, size and aggression. Studies comparing these affective interpretations across a broader range of languages would add further to Ohalas conclusion (1984, 1996); however, it seems improbable that other language bases would offer different interpretations when considering the effect of low f0 vocalisations in our evolutionary ancestors, in addition to explanations concerning universal sexual differences of larynx size and location. The affective interpretations of f0 have been taken further from signals of dominance to signalling the distinctions between questions and statements (Ohala, 1984; Gussenhoven 2002). This seems a logical step when considering the nature of questions being relatively uncertain in meaning, whilst it seems probable that statements will need to confer more certainty in order to convey a more authoritative status. This is confirmed by cross-linguistic studies showing that higher f0 towards the end of vocalisations are frequently perceived as questions (Hadding-Koch Studdert-Kennedy, 1964; Gussenhoven Chen, 2000). Ohala (1994) claims that this pattern is too wide spread to be explained by a common linguistic source, suggesting its existence due to universal evolutionary adaptations. Gussenhoven and Chens (2000) study should be highlighted for its use of three languages (Hungarian, Dutch and Chinese) quite distinct from each other both in terms of structure and due to their status as belo nging to distinct separate language families; the fact that this interpretation of f0 is present in these three languages which have evolved separately removes the suggestion that its presence is tied to linguistic structure rather than universal evolutionary instilled cognitive mechanisms. Therefore cross-linguistic evidence suggests that a rise in f0 towards the end of a vocalisation signals a question whatever ones language, again providing evidence for cross-linguistic meaning in vocal sounds. To conclude, cross-linguistic studies support the claim that there are vocal sounds which mean the same whatever your language. Studies using pseudo-utterances remove the possibility of confounding variables such as linguistic structure or visual stimuli, showing that vocal sounds can carry information on affective states understood by the recipient whether or not they share a common language. Further cross-linguistic studies highlight the effect of prosody on meaning both in the deliverance of emotional vocal sounds as well as in a broader context; sounds which yet again have been shown to carry meaning across languages. Comparative research provides additional evidence for vocal sounds that carry meaning across languages, such as laughter in addition to displays of confidence and dominance. However, it remains important to consider these vocal sounds in an evolutionary context; vocal sounds with universal meanings must be understood as being due to biologically inherited adaptation s when one considers the lack of exposure many language groups have had with one another. References Ekman,P. (1992). Are there basic emotions? Psychological Review, 99(3), 550-553. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.99.3.550 Elfenbein,H.A., Ambady,N. (2002). On the universality and cultural specificity of emotion recognition: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 128(2), 203-235. doi:10.1037//0033-2909.128.2.203 Falk,D. (2004). Prelinguistic evolution in early hominins: Whence motherese? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 27, 491–541. doi:10.1017/S0140525X04000111 Frick,R.W. (1985). Communicating emotion: The role of prosodic features. Psychological Bulletin, 97(3), 412-429. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.97.3.412 Gussenhoven,C., Chen,A. (2000). Universal and language-specific effects in the perception of question intonation. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, 91-94. Gussenhoven, C. (2002). Intonation and interpretation: phonetics and phonology. In Proceedings of Speech Prosody 2002, , Aix-en-Provence, France (pp. 47-57 Hadding-Koch,K., Studdert-Kennedy,M. (1964). An experimental study of some intonation contours. Phonetica, 11, 175-185. doi:10.1159/000258338 Hurford,J.R. (2014). The origins of language: A slim guide. UK: OUP Oxford. Junger,J., Pauly,K., Brà ¶hr,S., Birkholz,P., Neuschaefer-Rube,C., Kohler,C., . . . Ute,H. (2013). Sex matters: Neural correlates of voice gender perception. NeuroImage, 79, .275-287. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.04.105 Klofstad,C., Anderson,R., Peters,S. (2012). Sounds like a winner: voice pitch influences perception of leadership capacity in both men and women. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 279(1738), 2698-704. doi:10.1098/rspb.2012.0311 Meyer,M., Baumann,S., Wildgruber,D., Alter,K. (2007). How the brain laughs. Behavioural Brain Research, 182(2), 245–260. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2007.04.023 Morton,E.S. (1977). On the Occurrence and Significance of Motivation-Structural Rules in Some Bird and Mammal Sounds. American Naturalist, 01/1977(111), 855-869. doi:10.1086/283219 Panksepp,J. (2007). Neuroevolutionary sources of laughter and social joy: Modeling primal human laughter in laboratory rats. Behavioural Brain Research, 182, 231–244. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2007.02.015 Ohala,J.J. (1984). An ethological perspective on common cross-language utilization of F0 of voice. Phonetica, 41, 1 16. doi:10.1159/000261706 Ohala,J.J. (1996). Ethological theory and the expression of emotion in the voice. Wilmington: University of Delaware, 3, 1812-1815. doi:10.1109/ICSLP.1996.607982 Pell,M.D. (2001). Influence of emotion and focus location on prosody in matched statements and questions. Journal of The Acoustical Society of America, 109(4), 1668–1680. doi:10.1121/1.1352088 Pell,M.D., Monetta,L., Paulmann,S., Kotz,S.A. (2009). Recognizing emotions in a foreign language. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 33(2), 107-120. doi:10.1007/s10919-008-0065-7 Pell,M.D., Paulmann,S., Dara,C., Alasseri,A., Kotz,S.A. (2009). Factors in the recognition of vocally expressed emotions: A comparison of four languages. Journal of Phonetics, 37(4), 417-435. doi:10.1016/j.wocn.2009.07.005 Pell,M.D., Skorup,V. (2008). Implicit processing of emotional prosody in a foreign versus native language. Speech Communication, 50(6), 519-530. doi:10.1016/j.specom.2008.03.006 Provine,R.R. (1996). Laughter. Laughter. American Scientist, 84, 38-47. Retrieved from http://cogweb.ucla.edu/Abstracts/Provine_96.html Provine,R.R., Fischer,K.R. (1989). Laughing, Smiling, and Talking: Relation to Sleeping and Social Context in Humans. Ethology, 83(4), 295–305. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1989.tb00536.x Ross,M.D., Owren,M.J., Zimmermann,E. (2009). Reconstructing the Evolution of Laughter in Great Apes and Humans. Current Biology, 3(2), 191–194. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2009.05.028 Saul,H. (2014, July 31). Amazonian Indian tribe filmed making contact with Brazil village in rare video footage Americas World The Independent. Retrieved from http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/video-shows-amazonian-indian-tribe-making-contact-with-brazil-village-9640077.html Sauter,D.A., Eisner,F., Ekman,P., Scott,S.K. (2010). Cross-cultural recognition of basic emotions through nonverbal emotional vocalizations. Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences, 107, 2408-2412. doi:10.1073/pnas.0908239106 Scherer,K.R. (1986). Vocal affect expression: A review and a model for future research. Psychological Bulletin, 99(2), 143-165. doi:10.1037//0033-2909.99.2.143 Scherer,K.R., Banse,R., Wallbott,H.G. (2001). Emotion inferences from vocal expression correlate across languages and cultures. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 32(1), 76-92. doi:10.1177/0022022101032001009 Scott,S.K., Lavan,N., Chen,S., Mcgettigan,C. (2014). The social life of laughter. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 18(12), 618-620. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2014.09.002

Marketing of Financial Services †Georgia Supplemental

According to the case Florida seems to be a flourishing prospective market for supplemental insurance. The demographics of the state already show large migration trends resulting in influx of young families coming into the state which is offering them comfort and security with better jobs. According to the 10 year projection of Georgia Supplemental, of the activity in the Florida market, the demand for supplemental insurance is bound to increase. This is because of the increasing members in the household in the future years and the fact that most employers in Florida do not provide complete coverage of expenses through insurance. The case depicts the statistics that this particular segment of the market is to grow at 6-7 percent in the next 10 years. Another issue which makes Florida an attractive marked for supplemental insurance policies offered by Georgia is that sideline expenses are often not covered under medical insurance policies and Georgia supplemental has managed to tap onto this market by providing policies for large expenses which are not covered by traditional insurance selling companies. The research conducted n 2003 by Benefits Research Inc. stated that an average family spent just about $500 on dental expenses and only about 29 percent of these expenses was focused on preventive care. Similarly, it was found that only 17 percent of the employers’ n Florida were offering their employees with vision care which is a main product and service provided by the Georgia Supplement. This also shows room for a prospective market which can be captured by the company if it decides to expand into Florida. Conclusively, according to the information provided in the case it is a very prospective and fruitful venture for Georgia Supplemental to expand into Florida. The decision of the expansion may be somewhat biased as well as a costly one due to the CEO’s affiliations with the state but the statistics and records show that the market is ripe for the kind of products offered by Georgia and the company expansion would prove to be successful in the coming years. 1. What is your assessment of the proposed direct mail campaign and the promotional letter? Direct mail has already been a successful mode of promotion for financial services and products like credit cards. The assumption in this case is that by using direct mail technique to inform the employers in Florida about the products offered by Georgia the company would be able to promote its product to their future market. This is an appropriate strategy as it tends to drive traffic to the store, generate and increase sales for the company as well as help generate interest and promote the products by promoting brand recognition and cultivating long term relationships with the clients. However, more perseverance is required on the part of the company. It is mentioned in the case that the CEO has contacts in the Florida region. The company can use these contacts as well as the referrals of the satisfied customers in its other markets to build trust and awareness of the company and its products and services in the Florida market. This can be done by sending out promotional letters by direct mail as mentioned in the case. However another more personalized method would be to hold an event or a conference in Florida where the prospective employers and satisfied customers from other markets could be invited, a promotion pitch can be shown to them and the event would also enable the company to build long term business relationships with their prospective clients. This method of promotion would be more expensive than direct mail and likely to drive up the expenses for the company. This method can even support the direct mailing as it would help attract more customers while maintaining the current ones and helping retain them as well. Reference 1.Wolf, K., (1998), Planning a Successful Direct Marketing Campaign, WGSC Publications, available at: http://cpa.utk.edu/pdffiles/adc9.pdf      

Keep Calm and Stop Bullying - 563 Words

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